In my previous article I described how I used an Ansible playbook and a few roles to stand-up a Kubernetes test environment. In that article I mentioned that to deploy a production-ready environment some work more was required. Luckily, it is now very easy to stand up a production and enterprise-ready container platform for hosting applications, called OpenShift. Through the years OpenShift has undergone a lot of changes, and the latest version Origin v1.3 is very different from the original version. OpenShift sets up a complete Kubernetes environment and with a set of tools it can take care of the whole application lifecycle, from source to deployment. In this article I will give an introduction to setting up a test environment for a developer.

Setup machine

I will setup the environment on a standard Fedora 24 installation. You can use a cloud image as all the needed packages will be specified. After installing the machine, you login as a standard user, which can do a password-less sudo.

$ ssh [email protected]
$ sudo su -
#

Install docker and client

From here all the commands will be run as root, unless otherwise specified.

$ dnf install -y docker curl

This will install the basic packages we need to setup the test cluster. Now from a browser you open the following page: https://github.com/openshift/origin/releases/tag/v1.3.0. This shows the current deliverables for the OpenShift Origin v1.3 release. You need to download the file called like openshift-origin-client-tools-v1.3.0-[...]-linux-64bit.tar.gz

$ curl -sSL https://github.com/openshift/origin/releases/download/v1.3.0/openshift-origin-client-tools-v1.3.0-3ab7af3d097b57f933eccef684a714f2368804e7-linux-64bit.tar.gz -o oc-client.tar.gz
$ tar -zxvf oc-client.tar.gz
$ mkdir -p /opt/openshift/client
$ cp ./openshift-origin-client-tools-v1.3.0-3ab7af3d097b57f933eccef684a714f2368804e7-linux-64bit/oc /opt/openshift/client/oc

Note: I do not install the binary in /usr/bin or /usr/sbin to prevent a conflict with a packaged version, but also because this makes it easier for me to work on a different version of the application. E.g. the current packaged version is v1.2 and does not provide the command we will be using in the next step.

Configure docker

To allow OpenShift to pull and locally cache images, it will deploy a local docker registry. But before docker would be able to use this, we need to specify an insecure registry in the configuration. For this you need to add --insecure-registry 172.30.0.0/16 to /etc/sysconfig/docker.

$ vi /etc/sysconfig/docker

OPTIONS='--selinux-enabled --log-driver=journald --insecure-registry 172.30.0.0/16'

After this we will setup to allow the standard user to communicate with the docker daemon over the docker socket. This is not a necessary step, and does not make the system more secure. It does make it easier not having to move between user and using sudo all the time.

$ groupadd docker
$ usermod -a -G docker fedora
$ chgrp docker /var/run/docker.sock

After this you can start docker and move on the actual installation of OpenShift.

$ systemctl enable docker
$ systemctl start docker

Note: we will be running this environment with devicemapper as Storage Driver. This is not an ideal situation. If you do further tests, consider changing the storage with docker-storage-setup to use a dedicated volume.

Running OpenShift

Since version 1.3 of OpenShift, the client provides a cluster up commands which stands up a very simple all-in-one cluster, with a configured registry, router, image streams, and default templates.

As the fedora user, you can check if you can access docker

$ docker ps

CONTAINER ID    IMAGE   COMMAND     CREATED     STATUS      PORTS   NAMES

No containers should be returned. This mean you can communicate with the docker daemon. Now you are ready to start the test cluster.

cluster up

$ export PATH=$PATH:/opt/openshift/client/
$ ./oc cluster up
-- Checking OpenShift client ... OK
-- Checking Docker client ... OK
-- Checking Docker version ... OK
-- Checking for existing OpenShift container ... OK
-- Checking for openshift/origin:v1.3.0 image ... OK
-- Checking Docker daemon configuration ... OK
-- Checking for available ports ... OK
-- Checking type of volume mount ... 
   Using nsenter mounter for OpenShift volumes
-- Creating host directories ... OK
-- Finding server IP ... 
   Using 10.5.0.27 as the server IP
-- Starting OpenShift container ... 
   Creating initial OpenShift configuration
   Starting OpenShift using container 'origin'
   Waiting for API server to start listening
   OpenShift server started
-- Installing registry ... OK
-- Installing router ... OK
-- Importing image streams ... OK
-- Importing templates ... OK
-- Login to server ... OK
-- Creating initial project "myproject" ... OK
-- Server Information ... 
   OpenShift server started.
   The server is accessible via web console at:
       https://10.5.0.27:8443

   You are logged in as:
       User:     developer
       Password: developer

   To login as administrator:
       oc login -u system:admin

And that was it! Now you are running an OpenShift environment. You can check this as follows:

$ docker ps

CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                                     COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
cebba70022a6        openshift/origin-haproxy-router:v1.3.0    "/usr/bin/openshift-r"   16 seconds ago      Up 15 seconds                           k8s_router.9426645a_router-1-o3454_default_ba2e0814-8483-11e6-924a-fa163e29da46_e9a13a8d
32aa5e84a04d        openshift/origin-docker-registry:v1.3.0   "/bin/sh -c 'DOCKER_R"   17 seconds ago      Up 15 seconds                           k8s_registry.f0a205a4_docker-registry-1-v57os_default_b9fc0130-8483-11e6-924a-fa163e29da46_24863324
03ee38d125cb        openshift/origin-pod:v1.3.0               "/pod"                   18 seconds ago      Up 16 seconds                           k8s_POD.4a82dc9f_router-1-o3454_default_ba2e0814-8483-11e6-924a-fa163e29da46_ea6d1d08
44d6f8d2d9d6        openshift/origin-pod:v1.3.0               "/pod"                   18 seconds ago      Up 16 seconds                           k8s_POD.9fa2fe82_docker-registry-1-v57os_default_b9fc0130-8483-11e6-924a-fa163e29da46_76754271
60e7cc5f4e5d        openshift/origin-deployer:v1.3.0          "/usr/bin/openshift-d"   21 seconds ago      Up 19 seconds                           k8s_deployment.59c7ba3f_router-1-deploy_default_b3660c7b-8483-11e6-924a-fa163e29da46_8e02f47a
f1fe993ddcac        openshift/origin-pod:v1.3.0               "/pod"                   22 seconds ago      Up 20 seconds                           k8s_POD.4a82dc9f_router-1-deploy_default_b3660c7b-8483-11e6-924a-fa163e29da46_9a38fe5e
72068a244ac8        openshift/origin:v1.3.0                   "/usr/bin/openshift s"   49 seconds ago      Up 48 seconds                           origin

Client connection

After running the command oc cluster up you will be automatically logged in. For this it writes the login configuration in ~/.kube/. If you want to change you can login using:

$ oc login

The standard user provided is developer.

Verify

Now we need to verify if we can deploy a simple application. However, without changes, OpenShift will not run containers with a root-user process. For example an nginx container would fail with a permission denied error.

Instead, we will for now run a simple Hello container:

$ oc run hello-openshift --image=docker.io/openshift/hello-openshift:latest --port=8080 --expose

service "hello-openshift" created
deploymentconfig "hello-openshift" created

This would create the container and schedule it. You can check the progress with:

$ oc get pod

NAME                        READY     STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
hello-openshift-1-xi7f0     1/1       Running   0          9m

You will also see a -deploy container. This is not needed for our verification.

To check the application, we need to get the IP address that has been assigned to the Pod. You can do this as follows:

$ oc get pod hello-openshift-1-xi7f0 -o yaml | grep podIP

  podIP: 172.17.0.7

All you have to do now is open the endpoint:

$ curl 172.17.0.7:8080

Hello OpenShift!

And that is it, you have a working OpenShift test cluster.

Teardown

If you are down with this, you simply do a:

$ oc cluster down

and all the containers used in the deployment will be torn down.

Conclusion

Using OpenShift's cluster up command you can easily setup an environment for developers to run and test their applications. The current of OpenShift provided with Fedora 24 does not offer this command, as the packaged version is v1.2. However, this change is in Rawhide and is therefore expected to be released as part of Fedora 25.

In future articles I will detail more about how to create applications for the OpenShift container platform, and how to check and maintain the life cycle of the deployed application. For now, take a look at the other source of information below.

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